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Smoking-related health issues currently cost Medi-Cal about $3.5 billion a year, which is covered by taxpayers

A smoking index was calculated (average number of cigarettes per day duration of smoking in years) to categorize subjects

Most epidemiological studies use smoking prevalence to quantify the burden of smoking on populations, but smoking intensity/pack-years and former smokers were rarely considered, at least at the population level 22-26

One key thing to remember about vaping is that, although its not the same as smoking, it is a replacement for smoking

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When it accumulates in the lint trap, vent hose, or internal ducts, it blocks airflow