EW treatment reduced GFAP expression and alleviated the morphological activation of astrocytes, suggesting an inhibitory effect on astrocyte activation
InvicorpTM: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (25g) plus phentolamine mesylate (1-2mg Invicorp), is a combination of two active components with complementary modes of action
Abbreviations 5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil ABC: ATP-binding cassette ABCG2: ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 AKT: Protein kinase B ALDH: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase B7-H3: B7 homolog 3 BCRP: Breast cancer resistance protein Bax: Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2 CASP3: Caspase-3 CDK2: Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 CDK4: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 CDK6: Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 CREB: cAMP response element-binding protein CSC: Cancer stem cell Cyclin A: Cyclin A protein Cyclin D1: Cyclin D1 protein Cytochrome c: Cytochrome c protein DEPDC1: DEP domain containing 1 DOX: Doxorubicin DR5: Death receptor 5 E-cadherin: Epithelial cadherin E2F1: E2F transcription factor 1 E2F3: E2F transcription factor 3 EAC: Esophageal adenocarcinoma EC: Esophageal cancer EGCG: Epigallocatechin gallate EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma EndMT: Endothelial-mesenchymal transition FAO: Fatty acid oxidation FOXO3a: Forkhead box O3a GC: Gastric cancer GCSC: Gastric cancer stem cell-like GI: Gastrointestinal GIC: Gastrointestinal cancer GMNN: Geminin GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4 HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma HDAC: Histone deacetylase HDAC1: Histone deacetylase 1 HIF-1: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha IL-18: Interleukin-18 IL-1: Interleukin-1 beta IR: Ionizing radiation JNK: Jun N-terminal kinase L-OHP: Oxaliplatin LC3: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 LKB1: Liver kinase B1 Lgr5+: Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5-positive MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase MDR: Multidrug resistance MDR1: Multidrug resistance 1 MET: Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor MMP-2: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 MMP-9: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 MRP1: Multidrug resistance-related protein 1 MVI: Microvascular invasion MVIH: Microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma Mcl-1: Myeloid cell leukemia 1 N-cadherin: Neural cadherin NF-B: Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells NLRP1: NOD-like receptor protein 1 NLRP3: NOD-like receptor protein 3 NRP-1: Neuropilin-1 NUR77: Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 P-gp: P-glycoprotein P16: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 A P21: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 P53: Tumor protein 53 PARP: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PGC-1: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homolog PXR: Pregnane X receptor RAR: Retinoic acid receptor beta ROS: Reactive oxygen species SIRT1: Sirtuin 1 SIRT2: Sirtuin 2 SIRT3: Sirtuin 3 SIRT4: Sirtuin 4 SIRT5: Sirtuin 5 SIRT6: Sirtuin 6 SIRT7: Sirtuin 7 SLC7A11: Solute carrier family 7 member 11 SMAD3: Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 TGF-: Transforming growth factor beta TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha TRAIL: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand TWIST1: Twist-related protein 1 USP22: Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 USP24: Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 24 VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor Vimentin: Vimentin protein Wnt: Wingless-related integration site ZEB1: Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 ZEB2: Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 c-Myc: Cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene ceRNA: Competing endogenous RNA lncRNA: Long non-coding RNA mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin miRNA: microRNA -SMA: Alpha-smooth muscle actin References Wang DK, Zuo Q, He QY, Li B
10.3390/ijms17071011 13 ChenJ.GuY
Additionally, in this study, OTA-induced DNA strand breaks, G1 phase arrest, and apoptosis of human mononuclear cells, contributing to the immunotoxicity of OTA
Rock E, Mazur A, OConnor JM, Bonham MP, Rayssiguier Y, Strain JJ
