l-carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine Gut Microbiota-Dependent Marker in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target Comparison of short-term and long-term
Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC JCI l Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in humans Trimethylamine Noxide: breathe new life Subramaniam 2018 British Journal of Pharmacology Wiley Online Library Trimethylamine Trimethylamine N Oxide as a Key Between Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Toxicology Springer Nature Link Gut Metabolite Trimethylamine N Oxide in Atherosclerosis: From Mechanism to Therapy Frontiers
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