oral melanotic macule caused by medication Macule: a small dark spot in the mouth Oral Melanotic Macule: Symptoms and

doi: 10.1007/s13671-024-00423-1 43 YangXWangBPengDNieXWangJYuC-Yet al

Critical assessment of the possible relationship of an adverse event to the product is fundamental to detecting signals of toxicity and to correctly assess-ing drug safety prior to moving to larger scale trials

The level of OS can be measured indirectly by detecting the oxidative or nitrosative products of lipids (malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-non-enal), proteins (protein carbonyls, 3-nitrotyrosine), or nucleic acids (8-Hydroxy-deoxyguanosine)

Mahmoodpoor A, Shadvar K, Ghamari AA, et al

It is reasonable to assume that consuming foods or taking supplements with a high antioxidant content could protect the optic nerve from oxidative damage and limit the progression of glaucoma

We thank Assistant Researcher Yunfei Mo of the Experimental Animal Centre of Chongqing Medical University for participating in our experiments