Although dryness (sicca) of the eyes and mouth are the classically described features, dryness of other mucosal surfaces and systemic manifestations, including fatigue and arthralgia, are common ( Digestive involvement is frequent in pSS, including autoimmune disorders, such as chronic atrophic gastritis, esophageal motility dysfunction, lymphocytic colitis, primary biliary cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis ( pSS-related atrophic gastritis and associated PA may require parenteral or sublingual vitamin B12 supplementation (2)
If the immune deficiency continues to attach the lining of my stomach, will metaplasia get worse and ending up becoming cancerous
More research is needed, but in a limited study, 43 out of 47 participants saw promising results
Treatment Options for Vitamin B12 Deficiency Treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency in the UK is guided by the underlying cause, severity of deficiency, and presence of neurological symptoms, following recommendations from NICE and the British National Formulary (BNF)
Vitamin B12 injections are an effective treatment for individuals who cannot absorb enough B12 from their diet or oral supplements
What phlebotomists are not typically trained or authorized to do is administer medications, manage fluids intravenously, or insert a catheter for ongoing infusion