l carnitine molecule Acetyl-L-Carnitine | C9H17NO4 | CID 7045767 Molecular structure of L-carnitine and

In the context of high levels of propionyl-CoA, citrate synthase produces methyl citrate, a dead end metabolite, from propionyl-CoA

In addition to L-carnitine contribution to spermatogenesis, it can protect germ cells as an antiapoptotic factor by interfering with extrinsic Fas-FAS-Lmediated pathway (through intervening with Fas-triggered apoptotic signals and preventing ceramide generation) and intrinsic mitochondrial-dependent pathway (by inactivating caspases 3, 7, and 8) that are common effectors of apoptosis

39, TPS3149

Abnormalities of synaptic mitochondria in autism spectrum disorder and related neurodevelopmental disorders

Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press

Levels of acetyl-L-carnitine have been reported to be lower in infertile semen and sperm samples with low motility