The problem is compounded by the fact that our body is not equipped with the necessary tools to chelate all of these heavy metals, meaning they stick around and accumulate year after year
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Abbreviations 3PG: 3-Phosphoglycerate KG: -Ketoglutarate Ac-CoA: Acetyl-coenzyme A ATP: Adenosine triphosphate ATP5F1B: ATP synthase subunit beta BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor CDKL5: Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 Cit: Citrate CM: Cortical neuron medium CS: Citrate synthase Ct: Cycle threshold DCX: Doublecortin dox: Doxycycline DPBS: Dulbeccos phosphate-buffered saline E4P: Erythrose 4-phosphate E8: Essential 8 ETS: Electron transport system F6P: Fructose 6-phosphate FC: Fold change FCCP: Carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone FLIM: Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy Fum: Fumarate G3P: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate G6P: Glucose 6-phosphate G6PD: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase GABA: -Aminobutyric acid Glc: Glucose Gln: Glutamine Glu: Glutamate GLUT1: Glucose transporter 1 Gly: Glycine GOBP: Gene Ontology Biological Process GSEA: Gene Set Enrichment Analysis GSH: Glutathione HDAC: Histone deacetylase HILIC: Hydrophilic interaction chromatography hnRNP-E1: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 iNs: NGN2-induced neurons iNs_D7: NGN2-induced neurons at day 7 iNs_D14: NGN2-induced neurons at day 14 iPSCs: Induced pluripotent stem cells IRF: Instrument response function KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes LC-MS: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry LFQ-MS: Label-free quantitative mass spectrometry NAD(P)H: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) NANOG: Nanog homeobox NDUFA9: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9 NDUFS4: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4 NES: Normalized enrichment score NGN2: Neurogenin-2 NIM: Neuronal induction medium non-oxPPP: Non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway NRF-1: Nuclear respiratory factor 1 NT-3: Neurotrophin-3 Mal: Malate MAP2: Microtubule-associated protein 2 MELAS: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome mt-CO2: Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 OCT4: Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 OAA: Oxaloacetate OLIG: Oligomycin OXPHOS: Oxidative phosphorylation oxPPP: Oxidative pentose phosphate pathway PARK2: Parkinson protein 2 PGC-1 : Proliferating activating receptor coactivator-1 PGD: Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase PGLS: 6-Phosphogluconolactonase PPP: Pentose phosphate pathway RT-qPCR: Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction RBFOX3: RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3 REX1: Reduced expression 1 (zinc finger protein 42) Rib5P: Ribose 5-phosphate ROS: Reactive oxygen species ROT: Rotenone ROX: Residual oxygen consumption RPE: Ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase RPIA: Ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A SDHA: Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit SOX2: SRY-box transcription factor 2 Suc: Succinate SURF1: Surfeit locus protein 1 SYP: Synaptophysin TALDO1: Transaldolase 1 TBP: TATA-box-binding protein TCA: Tricarboxylic acid TFAM: Mitochondrial transcription factor A TKT: Transketolase tRNA: Transfer ribonucleic acid TUBB3: Tubulin beta 3 class III UQCRC2: Cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2 VTN: Vitronectin References Schuchmann S, Buchheim K, Heinemann U, Hosten N, Buttgereit F (2005) Oxygen consumption and mitochondrial membrane potential indicate developmental adaptation in energy metabolism of rat cortical neurons
ROS is a catalyst for activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby recruiting macrophages and neutrophils (163)
10.3389/fnut.2024.1389374 97 WeynsA.-S.VerlaetA
Zhang X, Tian G, Yin W, Wang L, Zheng X, Yan L, Li J, Su H, Chen C, Gu Z
